Sofema Online (SOL) www.sofemaonline.com Considers the legal responsibilities of airport and airline employees regarding security.

Introduction

In the context of European aviation organizations, ensuring that airport and airline employees meet their legal obligations regarding security is a complex challenge, influenced by a multifaceted regulatory landscape.

• • European aviation is governed by a combination of international, European Union (EU), and national regulations, with the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) playing a central role in establishing EU-wide safety and security standards.

 - Employees working within the European aviation sector are subject to these regulations, which dictate their responsibilities in maintaining the security of aviation operations.

Sofema Online (SOL) www.sofemaonline.com looks at the role of O&SHA as part of the Aircraft Certification Program

Introduction Evaluating an Operating and Support Hazard Analysis

The O&SHA identifies hazards/risks occurring during the use of the system. It encompasses operating the system (primarily procedural aspects) and the support functions (e.g., maintenance, servicing, overhaul, facilities, equipment, training) that go along with operating the system.

Sofema Online (SAS) www.sofemaonline.com considers key aspects of EASA Part 147 Practical Training

Practical Considerations TNA

For the purpose of identifying the specific elements constituting the training course, it is acceptable to use a filtering method based on criteria such as:

>> Frequency of the task;

>> Human factor issues associated to the task;

SofemaOnline is pleased to announce the availability of a dedicated training program for EASA Third Country Part 145 Component Maintenance Organisation Part 66 Module 9 & Part 66 Module 10 online training which taken together is available as a specially priced package.

Introduction by SofemaOnline (SOL) www.sofemaonline.com

Aviation Safety and System Reliability both sit at the forefront of our aviation system having the highest priority. To enable a high level of safety typically requires strong regulations that demonstrate ICAO compliance and organizational competence to ensure that the regulatory environment is understood and followed

Introduction

It is mandatory for European CAMO Staff to receive Safety & Human Factors Training with the Initial Training to be completed before September 2021

SofemaOnline (SOL) www.sofemaonline.com offers an online training course with voice over to cover the entire program – email team@sassofia.com or see the following link

https://sofemaonline.com/lms/courses/264-easa-part-camo-safety-sms-amp-human-factor-hf-training-initial-with-vo/preview

Review carried out by Sofema Online - SOL (www.sofemaonline.com)

Introduction

On July 6, 1996, a McDonnell Douglas MD-88 equipped with Pratt & Whitney JT8D-219 turbofan engines, was on take-off roll from Runway 17 at Pensacola when it experienced an uncontained, catastrophic turbine engine failure that caused debris from the front compressor hub of the number one left engine to penetrate the left aft fuselage. The impact left two passengers dead and two severely injured; the two dead were a mother and son. The pilot aborted take-off and the airplane stopped on the runway.

The NTSB determined the most probable cause of the accident was a fracture in the left engine's front compressor fan hub, which resulted from failure of the airline's fluorescent penetrant inspection process to detect a potentially dangerous crack in the fan which originated from the engine's initial manufacture.

SofemaOnline - Case Study Eastern Airlines

Introduction

For many people in aviation today the events of Eastern Airlines Flight 855 are long forgotten, however, the memory does live on and on this fateful day many lives were saved thanks to the calm and professional approach of the pilots.

What happened?

On May 5, 1983, a Lockheed L-1011 TriStar, registration N334EA, en route from Miami International Airport to Nassau International Airport, experienced the loss of all three engines near Miami, Florida. Following a decision to return to Miami.

Sofemaonline.com offers online training including EASA Part 66 Module 9 Human Factors compliant training for third country workshop personnel

Introduction

It is important to ensure that all employees are aware of how to act in the event of a workplace emergency. Whilst not every person needs to be qualified as a fire marshal or Emergency First Aid Responder, it is important that a number of employees are "highly trained" and all employees have an general awareness of all potential emergencies and how to proceed.

All employees should understand what constitutes an emergency or disaster at the workplace?

Additionally, to understand:

Sofemaonline.com offers online training including EASA Part 66 Module 9 Human Factors compliant training for third country workshop personnel 

Introduction to Hazards & Risk 

Hazard - Consider that a Hazard has the potential to disrupt or cause harm in some way - this does not in any way mean that it will - simply it can.

Risk - When we look at risk we are trying to determine how great is our exposure to the perceived hazard. So risk is subjective and the more effective the risk analysis and mitigation process the less likely we are to suffer the consequence of a “hazard”.

Reality Check 1 - Maintenance professionals are of course human and therefore prone to human error. Therefore acceptance of vulnerability and potential exposure is the first step in taking responsibility and avoiding risk-taking behaviours. 

Sofemaonline.com offers online training including EASA Part 66 Module 9 Human Factors compliant training for third country workshop personnel

Introduction

Aircraft certifications are made within the framework of an organisation approval, part of which lays on the organisation the need to ensure currency – but it is not a one-sided story because the certifying staff also has a responsibility to remain current - means up to date with developments and changes to either the regulations or approved data which is driving the task.

Aircraft maintenance technicians typically undertake a significant basic training program which provides them with the knowledge and competence to enable them to become aircraft mechanics. 

Sofemaonline.com offers online training including EASA Part 66 Module 9 Human Factors compliant training for third country workshop personnel 

Introduction to Work Logging and Recording 

Maybe the description belies the importance of the subject however the reality is that correctly recording work, which has been carried out, as well as how we document and hand over any outstanding tasks is of significant importance and creates multiple human factor exposures.

Inadequate recording of work carried out has been cited as a contributing factor in several incidents.

Every Picture Tells a Story!

Sure, but sometimes there is a story behind the story.

Turns out the Captain had a very hairy landing (maybe wake turbulence from a departing aircraft) but in any event, he believed it was normal. 

Basically the Cowl of this huge 55,000 pounds thrust engine “kissed” the ground.

Unfortunately, the Engineer missed this during his walk around!

Sofemaonline.com offers online training including EASA Part 66 Module 9 Human Factors compliant training for third country workshop personnel 

What do we Mean by Complex Systems?

Essentially all large modern aircraft can be described as complex systems. But this is just the beginning because integrated organisations are also in themselves complicated systems and the combination of both together creates multiple exposures within the realm of Human Factor related errors, incidents & accidents.

Engaging with Complex Systems

Within the aircraft environment, a simple system should cause no problems in itself, with engineers being trained and possessing the appropriate competence to fully engage with the challenge of addressing the various problems.

Sofemaonline.com offers online training including EASA Part 66 Module 9 Human Factors compliant training for third country workshop personnel

What are Repetitive Tasks?

When we talk about “repetitive tasks”, we mean tasks which are performed several times during a shift (Daily check or Transit Check for example). There are more mundane tasks, for example, checking aircraft life jackets. What happens physiologically is that as a person becomes complacent his alertness decreases along with his performance.

Repetitive tasks are essential tasks which require a low level of mental acuity. Such tasks can quickly become tedious and therefore induce a low level of arousal within the worker.

Sofemaonline.com offers online training including EASA Part 66 Module 9 Human Factors compliant training for third country workshop personnel

Introduction

Any pressure we feel can lead to stress and stress can lead to human error. Current minimum turn-around times place additional pressure on maintenance staff and create a challenge for any defects which are found and the steps which need to be taken.

Sofemaonline.com offers online training including EASA Part 66 Module 9 Human Factors compliant training for third country workshop personnel

Introduction

Stress is often associated with anxiety, fear, fatigue, and hostility. It can also arise as a result of feelings of inadequacy, where we may feel we don't have the appropriate experience, knowledge, or capability to complete our allocated tasks.

All these feelings can have a direct and negative impact on performance. In fact, our performance will generally improve with the onset of stress however it will then peak and begin to degrade rapidly as stress levels exceed our abilities to handle the situation.

Sofemaonline.com offers online training including EASA Part 66 Module 9 Human Factors compliant training for third country workshop personnel 

Fitness and Health

Aircraft maintenance certifying staff and technicians often undertake work which is physically demanding as well as being called on to work in multiple environments include cold and heat, wind and rain.

Fitness and health can have a significant effect upon job performance (both physical and cognitive). Day to day fitness can be reduced through illness (physical or mental) or injury.

Sofemaonline.com offers online training including EASA Part 66 Module 9 Human Factors compliant training for third country workshop personnel

Maintenance Management Focus

Supervisors and Managers have an important role to ensuring that safety and safe working practices is a top down leadership “led” objective which is instilled in mechanics and certifying staff and visible throughout the business.

Considering Supervisors

The supervisor’s role is somewhat different to the manager role as the supervisor position requires a more “hands on” approach, to the potential for errors to be made by technicians and certifying staff.

Sofemaonline.com offers online training including EASA Part 66 Module 9 Human Factors compliant training for third country workshop personnel 

Concerning Safety Culture

Safety culture is how we perceive the combination of attitude, beliefs, perceptions and values and it is considered as part of the organisation culture, sometimes described by the phrase "the way we do things around here".

What do we mean by Safety Culture within an Organisation?

Safety Culture is the way safety is perceived, valued and prioritised within an organisation.

Safety Culture reflects the true commitment to safety at all levels in the organisation.

Sofemaonline.com offers online training including EASA Part 66 Module 9 Human Factors compliant training for third country workshop personnel 

What is Peer Pressure?

Peer pressure is the pressure we feel to do what our group or peers expect of us. Peer pressure is closely linked to organizational norms and culture.

We consider peers as people who are part of our own social group, so the term "peer pressure" means the influence that peers can have on each other. The term "peer pressure" is not usually used to describe socially desirable behaviours, rather a degree of pressure to conform to the "group norms".